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Compare Tokelau (2005) - New Zealand (2002)
Compare Tokelau (2005) z New Zealand (2002)
| Tokelau (2005) | New Zealand (2002) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | none (territory of New Zealand) | 16 regions; Auckland, Bay of Plenty, Canterbury, Gisborne, Hawke's Bay, Marlborough, Nelson, Northland, Otago, Southland, Taranaki, Tasman, Waikato, Manawatu-Wanganui, Wellington, West Coast |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 42%
15-64 years: 53% 65 years and over: 5% (2005 est.) |
0-14 years: 22.2% (male 443,921; female 422,804)
15-64 years: 66.3% (male 1,299,973; female 1,290,097) 65 years and over: 11.5% (male 196,640; female 254,602) (2002 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | coconuts, copra, breadfruit, papayas, bananas; pigs, poultry, goats | wheat, barley, potatoes, pulses, fruits, vegetables; wool, beef, dairy products; fish |
| Airports | none; lagoon landings are possible by amphibious aircraft (2004 est.) | 106 (2001) |
| Airports - with paved runways | - | total: 46
over 3,047 m: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 10 914 to 1,523 m: 28 under 914 m: 5 (2002) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | - | total: 67
1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 914 to 1,523 m: 26 under 914 m: 39 (2002) |
| Area | total: 10 sq km
land: 10 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total: 268,680 sq km
land: NA sq km water: NA sq km note: includes Antipodes Islands, Auckland Islands, Bounty Islands, Campbell Island, Chatham Islands, and Kermadec Islands |
| Area - comparative | about 17 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC | about the size of Colorado |
| Background | Originally settled by Polynesian emigrants from surrounding island groups, the Tokelau Islands were made a British protectorate in 1889. They were transferred to New Zealand administration in 1925. | The Polynesian Maoris reached New Zealand in about the 800 AD. The British proclaimed their sovereignty over the islands in 1840 and began settlement that same year. A series of land wars between 1843 and 1872 ended with the defeat of the native peoples. The British colony of New Zealand became an independent dominion in 1907 and supported the UK militarily in both World Wars. New Zealand's full participation in number of defense alliances lapsed by the 1980s. In recent years the government has sought to address longstanding Maori grievances. |
| Birth rate | NA | 14.23 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Budget | revenues: $430,800
expenditures: $2.8 million, including capital expenditures of $37,300 (1987 est.) |
revenues: $16.7 billion
expenditures: $16.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY00/01) |
| Capital | none; each atoll has its own administrative center | Wellington |
| Climate | tropical; moderated by trade winds (April to November) | temperate with sharp regional contrasts |
| Coastline | 101 km | 15,134 km |
| Constitution | administered under the Tokelau Islands Act of 1948; amended in 1970 | consists of a series of legal documents, including certain acts of the UK and New Zealand Parliaments and The Constitution Act 1986 which is the principal formal charter |
| Country name | conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Tokelau |
conventional long form: none
conventional short form: New Zealand abbreviation: NZ |
| Currency | - | New Zealand dollar (NZD) |
| Death rate | NA | 7.55 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Debt - external | $0 | $31.1 billion (2001 est.) |
| Dependency status | self-administering territory of New Zealand; note - Tokelauans are drafting a constitution and developing institutions and patterns of self-government as Tokelau moves toward free association with New Zealand | - |
| Dependent areas | - | Cook Islands, Niue, Tokelau |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | none (territory of New Zealand) | chief of mission: Ambassador Charles J. SWINDELLS
embassy: 29 Fitzherbert Terrace, Thorndon, Wellington mailing address: P. O. Box 1190, Wellington; PSC 467, Box 1, FPO AP 96531-1001 telephone: [64] (4) 462-6000 FAX: [64] (4) 478-1701 consulate(s) general: Auckland |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (territory of New Zealand) | chief of mission: Ambassador L. John WOOD
chancery: 37 Observatory Circle NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 328-4800 FAX: [1] (202) 667-5227 consulate(s) general: Los Angeles, New York |
| Disputes - international | none | territorial claim in Antarctica (Ross Dependency) |
| Economic aid - donor | - | ODA, $99.7 million (FY00/01) |
| Economic aid - recipient | from New Zealand about $4 million annually | - |
| Economy - overview | Tokelau's small size (three villages), isolation, and lack of resources greatly restrain economic development and confine agriculture to the subsistence level. The people rely heavily on aid from New Zealand - about $4 million annually - to maintain public services, with annual aid being substantially greater than GDP. The principal sources of revenue come from sales of copra, postage stamps, souvenir coins, and handicrafts. Money is also remitted to families from relatives in New Zealand. | Since 1984 the government has accomplished major economic restructuring, transforming New Zealand from an agrarian economy dependent on concessionary British market access to a more industrialized, free market economy that can compete globally. This dynamic growth has boosted real incomes (but left behind many at the bottom of the ladder), broadened and deepened the technological capabilities of the industrial sector, and contained inflationary pressures. While per capita incomes have been rising, however, they remain below the level of the four largest EU economies, and there is some government concern that New Zealand is not closing the gap. New Zealand is heavily dependent on trade - particularly in agricultural products - to drive growth, and it has been affected by the global economic slowdown and the slump in commodity prices. Thus far the New Zealand economy has been relatively resilient, achieving about 3% growth in 2001, but the New Zealand business cycle tends to lag the US cycle by about six months, so the worst of the downturn may not hit until mid-2002. |
| Electricity - consumption | NA kWh | 33.315 billion kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - exports | - | 0 kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - imports | - | 0 kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - production | NA kWh | 35.823 billion kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - production by source | - | fossil fuel: 27%
hydro: 66% nuclear: 0% other: 7% (2000) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location 5 m |
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mount Cook 3,764 m |
| Environment - current issues | very limited natural resources and overcrowding are contributing to emigration to New Zealand | deforestation; soil erosion; native flora and fauna hard-hit by species introduced from outside |
| Environment - international agreements | - | party to: Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: Antarctic Seals, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Marine Life Conservation |
| Ethnic groups | Polynesian | New Zealand European 74.5%, Maori 9.7%, other European 4.6%, Pacific Islander 3.8%, Asian and others 7.4% |
| Exchange rates | New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 1.5087 (2004), 1.7221 (2003), 2.1622 (2002), 2.3788 (2001), 2.2012 (2000) | New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 2.3535 (January 2002), 2.3776 (2001), 2.1863 (2000), 1.8886 (1999), 1.8632 (1998), 1.5083 (1997) |
| Executive branch | chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General of New Zealand Dame Silvia CARTWRIGHT (since 4 April 2001); New Zealand is represented by Administrator Neil WALTER (since 1 March 2003)
head of government: Pio TUIA (since February 2005); note - position rotates annually among the three Faipule (village leaders) cabinet: the Council for the Ongoing Government of Tokelau, consisting of three Faipule (village leaders) and three Pulenuku (village mayors) functions as a cabinet elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade in New Zealand; the head of government is chosen from the Council of Faipule and serves a one-year term |
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General Dame Silvia CARTWRIGHT (since 4 April 2001)
head of government: Prime Minister Helen CLARK (since 10 December 1999) and Deputy Prime Minister Michael CULLEN (since NA September 2002) cabinet: Executive Council appointed by the governor general on the recommendation of the prime minister elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of a majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the governor general; deputy prime minister appointed by the governor general |
| Exports | $98,000 f.o.b. (1983) | $14.2 billion (2001 est.) |
| Exports - commodities | stamps, copra, handicrafts | dairy products, meat, wood and wood products, fish, machinery |
| Exports - partners | New Zealand (2000) | Australia 20.4%, US 14.5%, Japan 13.5%, UK 5.4%, South Korea, China (2000) |
| Fiscal year | 1 April - 31 March | 1 July - 30 June |
| Flag description | the flag of New Zealand is used | blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant with four red five-pointed stars edged in white centered in the outer half of the flag; the stars represent the Southern Cross constellation |
| GDP | - | purchasing power parity - $75.4 billion (2001 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: NA%
industry: NA% services: NA% |
agriculture: 8%
industry: 23% services: 69% (1999) |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $1,000 (1993 est.) | purchasing power parity - $19,500 (2001 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | NA | 3.1% (2001 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 9 00 S, 172 00 W | 41 00 S, 174 00 E |
| Geography - note | consists of three atolls, each with a lagoon surrounded by a number of reef-bound islets of varying length and rising to over three meters above sea level | about 80% of the population lives in cities; Wellington is the southernmost national capital in the world |
| Heliports | - | 1 (2002) |
| Highways | total: NA
paved: NA unpaved: NA |
total: 92,200 km
paved: 53,568 km (including at least 144 km of expressways) unpaved: 38,632 km (1996) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA
highest 10%: NA |
lowest 10%: 0%
highest 10%: 30% (1991 est.) |
| Imports | $323,000 c.i.f. (1983) | $12.5 billion (2001 est.) |
| Imports - commodities | foodstuffs, building materials, fuel | machinery and equipment, vehicles and aircraft, petroleum, electronics, textiles, plastics |
| Imports - partners | New Zealand (2000) | Australia 22.5%, US 17.5%, Japan 11%, UK 4%, China, Germany (2000) |
| Independence | none (territory of New Zealand) | 26 September 1907 (from UK) |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | 3% (2001 est.) |
| Industries | small-scale enterprises for copra production, woodworking, plaited craft goods; stamps, coins; fishing | food processing, wood and paper products, textiles, machinery, transportation equipment, banking and insurance, tourism, mining |
| Infant mortality rate | total: NA
male: NA female: NA |
6.18 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | NA% | 2.6% (2001 est.) |
| International organization participation | UNESCO (associate), UPU | ABEDA, ANZUS (US suspended security obligations to NZ on 11 August 1986), APEC, ARF (dialogue partner), AsDB, ASEAN (dialogue partner), Australia Group, C, CCC, CP, EBRD, ESCAP, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO, ITU, NAM (guest), NSG, OECD, OPCW, PCA, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMOP, UNTAET, UNTSO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | - | 36 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | 2,850 sq km (1998 est.) |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court in New Zealand exercises civil and criminal jurisdiction in Tokelau | High Court; Court of Appeal |
| Labor force | NA | 1.92 million (2001 est.) |
| Labor force - by occupation | - | services 65%, industry 25%, agriculture 10% (1995) (1995) |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
| Land use | arable land: 0% (soil is thin and infertile)
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2001) |
arable land: 5.8%
permanent crops: 6.44% other: 87.76% (1998 est.) |
| Languages | Tokelauan (a Polynesian language), English | English (official), Maori (official) |
| Legal system | New Zealand and local statutes | based on English law, with special land legislation and land courts for Maoris; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations |
| Legislative branch | unicameral General Fono (21 seats; based upon proportional representation from the three islands elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms; Nukunonu has 6 seats, Fakaofo has 7 seats, Atafu has 8 seats); note - the Tokelau Amendment Act of 1996 confers limited legislative power on the General Fono
elections: last held January 2002 (next to be held January 2005) |
unicameral House of Representatives - commonly called Parliament (120 seats; members elected by popular vote in single-member constituencies to serve three-year terms)
elections: last held 27 July 2002 (next to be held NA 2005) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NZLP 52, NP 27, NZFP 13, ACT New Zealand 9, Green Party 9, UF 8, other 2 |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: NA
male: -9 years female: -9 years (2005 est.) |
total population: 78.15 years
male: 75.17 years female: 81.27 years (2002 est.) |
| Literacy | NA | definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 99% (1980 est.) male: NA% female: NA% |
| Location | Oceania, group of three atolls in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand | Oceania, islands in the South Pacific Ocean, southeast of Australia |
| Map references | Oceania | Oceania |
| Maritime claims | territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm |
continental shelf: 200 NM or to the edge of the continental margin
exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM |
| Merchant marine | - | total: 8 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 68,427 GRT/106,627 DWT
ships by type: bulk 3, cargo 1, container 1, petroleum tanker 2, roll on/roll off 1 note: includes a foreign-owned ship registered here as a flag of convenience: Australia 1 (2002 est.) |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of New Zealand | - |
| Military branches | - | New Zealand Army, Royal New Zealand Navy, Royal New Zealand Air Force |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | - | $515.6 million (2002 est.) |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | - | 1.2% (FY2001/02) |
| Military manpower - availability | - | males age 15-49: 1,010,316 (2002 est.) |
| Military manpower - fit for military service | - | males age 15-49: 850,185 (2002 est.) |
| Military manpower - military age | - | 20 years of age (2002 est.) |
| Military manpower - reaching military age annually | - | males: 26,480 (2002 est.) |
| National holiday | Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840) | Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840) |
| Nationality | noun: Tokelauan(s)
adjective: Tokelauan |
noun: New Zealander(s)
adjective: New Zealand |
| Natural hazards | lies in Pacific typhoon belt | earthquakes are common, though usually not severe; volcanic activity |
| Natural resources | NEGL | natural gas, iron ore, sand, coal, timber, hydropower, gold, limestone |
| Net migration rate | NA | 4.48 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Pipelines | - | petroleum products 160 km; natural gas 1,000 km; liquefied petroleum gas or LPG 150 km |
| Political parties and leaders | none | ACT New Zealand [Richard PREBBLE]; Alliance (a coalition of the New Labor Party, Democratic Party, New Zealand Liberal Party, and Mana Motuhake) [James (Jim) ANDERTON]; Green Party [Jeanette FITZSIMONS and Rod DONALD]; National Party or NP [William (Bill) English]; New Zealand First Party or NZFP [Winston PETERS]; New Zealand Labor Party or NZLP [Helen CLARK]; United Future or UF [leader NA]; United New Zealand or UNZ [Peter DUNNE] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | none | NA |
| Population | 1,405 (July 2005 est.) | 3,908,037 (July 2002 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA | NA% |
| Population growth rate | -0.01% (2005 est.) | 1.12% (2002 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | none; offshore anchorage only | Auckland, Christchurch, Dunedin, Tauranga, Wellington |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA
note: 1 radio station provides service to all islands (2002) |
AM 124, FM 290, shortwave 4 (1998) |
| Radios | - | 3.75 million (1997) |
| Railways | - | total: 3,908 km
narrow gauge: 3,908 km 1.067-m gauge (506 km electrified) (2001) |
| Religions | Congregational Christian Church 70%, Roman Catholic 28%, other 2%
note: on Atafu, all Congregational Christian Church of Samoa; on Nukunonu, all Roman Catholic; on Fakaofo, both denominations, with the Congregational Christian Church predominant |
Anglican 24%, Presbyterian 18%, Roman Catholic 15%, Methodist 5%, Baptist 2%, other Protestant 3%, unspecified or none 33% (1986) |
| Sex ratio | NA | at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2002 est.) |
| Suffrage | 21 years of age; universal | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment: modern satellite-based communications system;
domestic: radiotelephone service between islands international: country code - 690; radiotelephone service to Samoa; government-regulated telephone service (TeleTok), with 3 satellite earth stations, established in 1997 |
general assessment: excellent domestic and international systems
domestic: NA international: submarine cables to Australia and Fiji; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 300 (2002) | 1.92 million (2000) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 0 (2001) | 2.2 million (2000) |
| Television broadcast stations | - | 41 (plus 52 medium-power repeaters and over 650 low-power repeaters) (1997) |
| Terrain | low-lying coral atolls enclosing large lagoons | predominately mountainous with some large coastal plains |
| Total fertility rate | NA | 1.8 children born/woman (2002 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | NA% | 5.5% (2001 est.) |
| Waterways | - | 1,609 km
note: of little importance in satisfying total transportation requirements |
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